Exploring Fantasy Subgenres: Finding the Perfect Fit for Your World-Building
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Exploring the myriad subgenres within fantasy writing is essential for authors who are building their own worlds. Each subgenre presents unique opportunities and challenges, shaping the world, characters, and plot. Understanding these genres can significantly enhance the storytelling process, enabling creators to build Immersive and captivating settings. Whether you’re crafting an entirely new universe or blending fantasy elements into a familiar setting, here’s an overview of popular fantasy subgenres and the world-building potential they offer.
High Fantasy
High fantasy features worlds entirely disconnected from our own, often with their own rules governing everything from physics to magic systems. These worlds are rich with fantastical creatures like elves, dwarves, and goblins, set in landscapes that range from majestic forests and ancient mountains to mysterious seas. J.R.R. Tolkien’s The Lord of the Rings epitomizes high fantasy with its detailed, self-contained world and distinct cultures.
World-Building in High Fantasy: High fantasy worlds are often governed by unique natural laws, making them ideal for elaborate magical systems, mythical creatures, and sprawling kingdoms. This genre allows writers to craft entirely new social structures, languages, and histories, providing a blank slate for creativity.
Low Fantasy
In contrast to high fantasy, low fantasy links the created world to our own reality. This genre explores the interaction between magical and non-magical elements within a shared world. J.K. Rowling’s Harry Potter series exemplifies low fantasy, where the magical world of Hogwarts coexists alongside non-magical society. The interplay between these realms and the movement of characters between them creates a captivating dynamic that grounds the story in a familiar setting.
World-Building in Low Fantasy: Low fantasy allows creators to introduce magical elements while keeping one foot in the real world. This genre is ideal for exploring themes of secrecy, dual identities, and the impact of magic on ordinary life. World-building in low fantasy often focuses on hidden places, secret societies, and the effects of the fantastical on mundane reality.
Sword and Sorcery Fantasy
Sword and sorcery fantasy is typified by stories that emphasize a combination of magic and medieval-style weaponry. This subgenre often overlaps with high fantasy, but it places a greater emphasis on action, adventure, and personal heroism. Dragonlance and Conan the Barbarian are classic examples, set in worlds brimming with elaborate magical systems, legendary weapons, and daring quests.
World-Building in Sword and Sorcery Fantasy: In this genre, world-building focuses on smaller, more intimate settings with a high degree of personal danger. Kingdoms, dark forests, and ancient ruins provide the backdrop for epic battles and magical duels. Magic in sword and sorcery fantasy tends to be elemental, flashy, and tied closely to the fate of the heroes.
Epic Fantasy
Epic fantasy, similar to high fantasy, involves highly detailed, distinct worlds with intricate cultures, histories, and languages. Series like The Wheel of Time by Robert Jordan and Brandon Sanderson showcase complex plots, a large cast of characters, and sprawling narratives that span continents and generations.
World-Building in Epic Fantasy: Epic fantasy allows for extensive development of political systems, historical events, and magical lore. Authors often create maps, genealogies, and detailed timelines, crafting a sense of history that enhances the reader’s immersion. This genre is ideal for authors who enjoy long, multi-layered stories and world-building that encompasses entire civilizations.
Dark Fantasy
Dark fantasy combines elements of horror with fantasy, creating worlds that are often bleak, perilous, or morally ambiguous. These settings are filled with creatures like vampires, demons, or ghosts, and characters may confront existential or psychological horror. Stephen King’s Dark Tower series offers a compelling example, blending dark, supernatural elements with a fantasy narrative.
World-Building in Dark Fantasy: In dark fantasy, world-building emphasizes atmosphere and mood, often focusing on decayed landscapes, cursed lands, and haunted places. Magical systems might come with dangerous consequences, and the setting itself may feel hostile. Dark fantasy allows for the exploration of fear, power, and the nature of evil, making it perfect for stories that challenge traditional notions of heroism.
Urban Fantasy
Urban fantasy is a fantasy genre set in contemporary or urban environments, often within our own world. The genre creatively integrates magical systems and paranormal beings into familiar urban settings, as seen in The Dresden Files by Jim Butcher. Urban fantasy typically explores how magic coexists with modern life, weaving supernatural elements into the mundane.
World-Building in Urban Fantasy: This genre focuses on creating hidden or “underground” magical communities within modern cities. World-building in urban fantasy often involves magical factions, secret histories, and mystical hotspots. This genre is ideal for authors who enjoy blending fantasy with detective work, mystery, or romance, with magic hidden in plain sight.
Portal Fantasy
Portal fantasy involves travel between the real world and a fantastical realm, with characters moving between these worlds through magical portals. The Chronicles of Narnia by C.S. Lewis is a classic example, where a wardrobe serves as a portal to a magical kingdom. Portal fantasy often explores themes of escapism, wonder, and the contrast between two worlds.
World-Building in Portal Fantasy: This genre allows for the creation of a complete fantasy world but with a direct connection to reality. The portal’s origin and function become essential parts of the world-building. Creators can explore what it means to belong in one world but desire another, often blending low fantasy elements with high fantasy settings.
Steampunk Fantasy
Steampunk fantasy draws inspiration from 19th-century technology and aesthetics, often featuring steam-powered machines, airships, and advanced gadgetry. It can be either high or low fantasy, with worlds operating on unique steam-powered technology. Works like Mortal Engines by Philip Reeve showcase how advanced technology can shape a fantastical setting.
World-Building in Steampunk Fantasy: This genre combines Victorian or industrial-era sensibilities with fantasy elements, often resulting in anachronistic technology, clockwork automatons, and a strong focus on invention. Steampunk worlds frequently explore themes of progress, industrialization, and the clash between nature and technology.
Mythic Fantasy
Mythic fantasy blends elements of mythology with fantastical narratives. My own Elements Pentalogy incorporates Celtic mythology, creating a world filled with gods, ancient temples, and magical creatures. Rick Riordan’s Percy Jackson & the Olympians is another example, introducing Greek mythology into a contemporary setting.
World-Building in Mythic Fantasy: Mythic fantasy allows creators to build worlds influenced by real-world myths and folklore or to develop original myths and legends for their settings. Mythology becomes a vital part of the culture, religion, and history of the world. Authors often create new deities, sacred sites, and legendary artifacts that carry deep meaning within the world’s lore.
Choosing Your Fantasy Subgenre
With so many subgenres in fantasy, the possibilities for world-building are endless. Each subgenre brings unique world-building elements, from the dark atmospheres of dark fantasy to the mythological richness of mythic fantasy. Choosing the right subgenre for your story depends on the themes you want to explore, the characters you envision, and the tone of your narrative.
For instance, if your story focuses on ancient magic and gods, mythic fantasy provides the perfect framework. If you’re drawn to dark, haunted landscapes and morally complex heroes, dark fantasy might be ideal. Urban fantasy suits stories grounded in modern-day settings, while epic fantasy works best for sweeping narratives and political intrigue.
Embracing the Joy of World-Building
World-building is an art, a journey of creativity, and a tool for expressing your vision. While the subgenres of fantasy offer different paths, the joy of building a fantasy world comes from weaving your imagination into every detail. Whether you’re designing a realm governed by mythical deities, a society with advanced steam technology, or a city where wizards walk among us, world-building invites you to step beyond reality and shape a new, immersive world.
In my own writing journey, I’ve found inspiration in Celtic mythology, crafting a world filled with ancient lore, mythical creatures, and rich landscapes. World-building has allowed me to explore themes that resonate with me, blending mythology, adventure, and the magic of the unknown. So, as you embark on your world-building adventure, remember to enjoy the process. Embrace the genre that speaks to you, and let your imagination run free.
Creating Life – By Ralph Ellefson
The Art of World Building Workbook – By Ralph Ellefson
Fantasy World Building: A Guide To Developing Mythic Worlds and Legendary Creatures – By Mark Nelson
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